Introduction
Quizar 17.7 mg (Quizartinib) is a highly potent, second-generation, selective small-molecule inhibitor of the Fms-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3) receptor. Manufactured by Everest Pharmaceuticals Ltd. and supplied globally by Onco Solution, Quizar is an advanced targeted therapy specifically for patients with Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML). It is primarily used to treat adult patients with newly diagnosed AML that is positive for the FLT3-ITD mutation. By specifically targeting this genetic driver, Quizar offers a more precise treatment path compared to conventional chemotherapy alone.
Indications
Quizar 17.7 mg (Quizartinib) is indicated for:
- Newly Diagnosed FLT3-ITD+ AML: In combination with standard cytarabine and anthracycline induction and cytarabine consolidation chemotherapy.
- Maintenance Therapy: Used as a single-agent maintenance therapy following consolidation chemotherapy for adult patients with FLT3-ITD positive AML.
- Note: The presence of the FLT3 internal tandem duplication (ITD) mutation must be confirmed by a validated diagnostic test prior to initiation.
Pharmacology
Quizartinib, the active ingredient in Quizar, is a Type II kinase inhibitor. It works by binding to the adenosine triphosphate (ATP) binding domain of the FLT3 receptor in its inactive conformation.
- Mechanism: It prevents autophosphorylation of the receptor, thereby inhibiting downstream signaling pathways such as STAT5, MAPK/ERK, and PI3K/AKT.
- Effect: This inhibition blocks the unregulated cell proliferation and survival signals that drive the progression of leukemic cells, leading to induced apoptosis (cell death) in FLT3-mutated AML cells.
Dosage & Administration
Oral Administration for Adults:
- Induction Phase: 35.4 mg (two 17.7 mg tablets) once daily on Days 8–21 of the 28-day treatment cycle.
- Consolidation Phase: 35.4 mg (two 17.7 mg tablets) once daily on Days 6–19 of the cycle.
- Maintenance Phase: Typically starts at 26.5 mg once daily for 14 days, then increases to 53 mg once daily as tolerated.
- Method: Swallow tablets whole; do not cut, crush, or chew. Can be taken with or without food at approximately the same time each day.
- Missed Dose: Take as soon as possible on the same day. Do not take two doses on the same day.
Drug Interactions
- Strong CYP3A Inhibitors: (e.g., Ketoconazole) Can increase Quizartinib exposure; a dose reduction is required.
- Strong CYP3A Inducers: (e.g., Rifampin) May significantly decrease efficacy; co-administration should be avoided.
- QT-Prolonging Drugs: Caution is advised when used with other medications that affect heart rhythm (e.g., certain anti-emetics like ondansetron).
Contraindications
- Severe Electrolyte Imbalance: Severe hypokalemia (low potassium) or hypomagnesemia (low magnesium).
- Cardiac Conditions: Congenital long QT syndrome or a history of ventricular arrhythmias (Torsades de Pointes).
- Hypersensitivity: Known allergy to Quizartinib or its components.
Side Effects
Patients receiving Quizar 17.7 mg may experience:
- Hematological: Febrile neutropenia, anemia, and thrombocytopenia.
- Gastrointestinal: Nausea, diarrhea, mouth sores (mucositis), and abdominal pain.
- Cardiac: Prolonged QT interval on ECG (requires regular monitoring).
- General: Fatigue, headache, upper respiratory tract infections, and decreased appetite.
Pregnancy & Lactation
- Pregnancy: Can cause fetal harm. Females should use effective contraception during treatment and for 7 months after the final dose. Males with partners of reproductive potential should use contraception for 4 months.
- Lactation: Do not breastfeed during treatment and for at least one month after the last dose.
Precautions & Warnings
- QT Prolongation/REMS: Quizartinib can cause serious heart rhythm changes. Treatment is often monitored through a Risk Evaluation and Mitigation Strategy (REMS).
- Cardiac Monitoring: Weekly ECGs are recommended during the induction and consolidation phases.
- Electrolyte Correction: Potassium and magnesium levels must be monitored and corrected before and during treatment.
Use in Special Populations
- Hepatic/Renal Impairment: No specific dose adjustment is generally required for mild to moderate impairment, but close monitoring is essential.
- Pediatric Use: Safety and effectiveness in patients under 18 have not been fully established.
Overdose Effects
Overdose may lead to severe QT prolongation or cardiac arrest. Management involves immediate ECG monitoring and supportive care.
Storage
- Conditions: Store at room temperature (15°C to 30°C).
- Protection: Keep in a closed container, away from heat, moisture, and direct light. Do not freeze.
Supplier Information
Onco Solution is a dedicated global supplier of specialized oncology medications. We ensure that advanced treatments like Quizar 17.7 mg are accessible to the global medical community. For supply and export inquiries, visit www.oncosolution.com.
Manufacturer Information
Quizar 17.7 mg is manufactured by Everest Pharmaceuticals Ltd., a premier pharmaceutical company in Bangladesh specializing in high-tech oncology and life-saving generic medicines.
